For example, one circuit includes a contact belonging to the device shown in another diagram. If the drawing contains links to other drawings, then you need to find these drawings and understand the content of the links. When reading specifications, compare them with explications. When reading the explication, the devices listed in it must be found on the drawings. On the selected drawing, all the inscriptions are read, starting with the stamp, then notes, explications, explanations, specifications, etc. If it is not reflected in the drawings, then it is found out and recorded. Then they understand the accepted system of designations and markings. The drawings are alternated in such an order that the reading of each subsequent one is a natural continuation of the reading of the previous one. Order of reading electrical diagrams and drawingsįirst of all, you need to familiarize yourself with the available drawings (or draw up a table of contents if it is not there) and systematize the drawings (if this is not done in the project) according to their intended purpose.
#Frame relay simplediagrams how to#
When designing an electrical installation, its operating state is taken as the basis, but the question of how to bring it to this state and in what state it will be, for example, as a result of a short power interruption, is not resolved. The conditions under which the electrical installation will be operated are not taken into account, The switching capacity, the level of insulation of devices and wiring are not taken into account, switching overvoltages are not extinguished, Jointly used devices that differ sharply in properties, The device has set a set point that cannot be reached, There is not enough time to complete the given actions, "Extra" energy penetrates the circuit, causing unexpected operation or preventing timely release,
The unreality of circuit solutions usually has mainly the following reasons: Therefore, one of the tasks of reading electrical circuits is to check whether given conditions can be met. In other words, design electrical circuits are not always realistic. When reading a circuit, one must first mentally break it down into simple circuits in order to test the capabilities of each element, and then consider their combined effect.Īdjusters are well aware that circuit solutions cannot always be implemented in practice, although they do not contain obvious errors. It is clear that in circuits that do not allow opening, for example, in circuits of current transformers, there are no contacts. The first of these is that the electrical installation diagram is mentally divided into simple circuits, which are first considered separately, and then in combinations.Ī simple circuit includes a current source (battery, transformer secondary, charged capacitor, etc.), a current sink (motor, resistor, lamp, relay winding, discharged capacitor, etc.), a direct wire (from the current source to the receiver ), a return wire (from the current receiver to the source) and one contact of the device (switch, relay, etc.). To address these issues, several approaches are used. Therefore, when reading the diagrams, firstly, it is necessary to identify these conditions, secondly, to determine whether the conditions obtained correspond to the tasks that the electrical installation must solve, thirdly, it should be checked whether "extra" conditions have turned out along the way, and evaluate them consequences.
#Frame relay simplediagrams series#
To read, you need to know and remember well: the most common symbols for windings, contacts, transformers, motors, rectifiers, lamps, etc., symbols used in the area that you mainly deal with by profession, diagrams of the most common nodes electrical installations, such as motors, rectifiers, lighting with incandescent and gas discharge lamps, etc., properties of series and parallel connections of contacts, windings, resistances, inductances and capacitances.īreakdown of circuits into simple circuitsĪny electrical installation satisfies certain operating conditions.
It helps to understand the electrical circuit, which you must have when using the drawings of electrical installations. According to it, it is not always possible to understand the functional relationship between the elements. The drawing includes the dimensions, shape, material and composition of the electrical installation. The main technical documents for an electrician and an electrician are drawings and electrical diagrams.